Understanding Upholstery Fabric Cleaning Codes: What They Mean & Why They Matter
When caring for your upholstered furniture, one of the most important—and often overlooked—steps is understanding your fabric’s cleaning code. These small, frequently hidden letters hold the key to cleaning your furniture safely and effectively without risking damage to the material. At Surroundings Interiors, a trusted full-service interior design destination in New Jersey, we always encourage our clients to reference these codes before attempting any cleaning.
What Are Upholstery Cleaning Codes?
Fabric cleaning codes are standardized labels created by the furniture industry to guide you in cleaning your specific fabric type. You’ll typically find the code on a tag attached under the cushions or on the frame of the furniture. Here's what each code means:
W – Water-based cleaner only: Spot clean with water-based solutions (mild detergent and water) or foam upholstery cleaner. Always blot—never rub—to avoid spreading stains. Do not use solvents to spot clean.
S – Solvent-based cleaner only: Water can damage this fabric. Spot clean with a water-free, dry cleaning solvent or professional-grade upholstery cleaner instead. Pre-test a small, inconspicuous area first. Do not saturate.
W/S or SW – Water- or solvent-based cleaners: This fabric is flexible—you can spot clean with either type of cleaner, but always test a small, hidden area first. Do not oversaturate. Use a professional upholstery cleaning service for overall soiling.
X – No liquid cleaners: Only vacuum or brush. This is typically used for delicate or specialty fabrics. Do not use any cleaning agents or water. Consult a professional upholstery cleaner.
Why Fabric Codes Matter
Using an incorrect cleaner—even plain water—on certain fabrics can lead to shrinkage, fading, spotting, or a permanent change in texture. Whether you're caring for a durable performance fabric or a more delicate textile, following the designated cleaning code is key to maintaining its look and feel over time.
At Surroundings Interiors, we source custom upholstery and furnishings designed with longevity in mind, and always recommend purchasing our Oops Protection Plan to cover life’s unexpected spills, but how you care for your upholstery overall plays an equally important role in keeping your furniture beautiful for years to come.
Pro Tips for Cleaning by Code
Always test in an inconspicuous area first. Even if the code allows water or solvent, every fabric can respond differently.
Blot stains—don’t rub. Rubbing can push the stain deeper or cause it to spread.
Use a soft brush or cloth for agitation to prevent damaging the fibers.
Call in the pros when in doubt. Deep cleaning, especially for "S" or "X" fabrics, is best left to professional upholstery cleaners.
Understanding and following fabric cleaning codes isn’t just a maintenance step—it’s a form of design preservation. We take pride in educating our clients on all aspects of furniture care so their homes reflect thoughtful living, long after install day.